Land guide · not an adjudication

Tenure, evidence and remedy are different questions

Registered settlement, lease, jhum administration, customary use, acquisition, displacement and project safeguards do not collapse into one title system. This page identifies records and forums but decides no claim.

Not legal advice. This public guide cannot determine rights, title, jurisdiction, limitation periods or a remedy in an individual matter. Consult the authoritative Bengali text and qualified counsel.

Generalized CHT hillside showing cultivated plots, forest edges, paths, and settlement layers without identifying a parcel or claimant — Generalized editorial context. It does not identify a person, parcel, institution, or event.

Four layers to keep separate

Tenure forms

Recorded settlement or title
Lease or allotment
Jhum administration
Customary possession/use and communal resources
Acquired, reserved or project-affected land

Institutions

District administration and land offices
Hill District Councils
Land Commission
Courts and review bodies
Circle chief, headman and karbari roles

Evidence

Record of rights, deed, lease, tax or jhum record
Mauza map and boundary history
Customary and oral evidence
Acquisition, compensation and rehabilitation file
Orders, appeals and execution records

Questions before inference

Which date and boundary?
Which legal regime and forum?
Is the record complete or contested?
Does formal compensation show replacement or restoration?

S4:[MS0271] [MS0272] [MS0273] [MS0274]. A 2011 planning estimate that about 60% lacked registered title is not a current census.

Transparent generalized land-use sheets layered over a hand-built ridge model beside a closed deed folder, soil samples, and customary-use markers — Registered title, customary use, occupation, acquisition, and remedy can overlap without becoming equivalent.

Possible remedy routes

Define the issue: title, boundary, transfer, acquisition, displacement, lease, communal resource or implementation.
Preserve evidence: retain originals and provenance; do not publish sensitive household coordinates.
Identify forum: administrative office, HDC, Land Commission, court, customary authority or project grievance route may differ.
Check procedure: jurisdiction, notice, limitation, hearing, appeal and execution need qualified advice.
Track remedy: an order is not the same as restoration, compensation, rehabilitation or durable access.

Known gaps: Public Commission rules, docket, decisions and execution records remain incomplete in the reviewed corpus. No blanket claim about land restored, allocations completed or leases cancelled is supportable.

Right of reply: Open for substantive responses from named institutions, organizations and affected people. No private contact details are published.

Correction state: No published correction on this page. Material corrections are versioned, dated and linked.

Legal framework · Accord land obligations